Zeolite molecular sieves zisobola okusiigibwa okuggya amazzi mu electrolytes okuyita mu physical adsorption, okwewala ebizibu ebiva mu mazzi era bwe kityo ne kirongoosa omulimu n’obukuumi bwa bbaatule ya lithium, ekisikiriza okweyongera okufaayo gye buvuddeko.
Ebirungo Ebikola Ebirungo Bya Lithium Electrolytes ebya bulijjo
Ebizimbulukusa ebiramu bye bikulu ebikola ekisengejja, nga bikola ebitundu nga 80% ~ 90%. Ebizimbulukusa bino mulimu ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), n’ebirala.
Omunnyo gwa lithium kye kimu ku bikola ekirungo kya electrolyte era kye nsibuko ya lithium enkulu. Eminnyo gino egya lithium mulimu lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), litiyamu bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), litiyamu tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), litiyamu perchlorate (LiClO4), n’ebirala.
Ebirungo ebigattibwa bikola ebitundu nga 5% ku busannyalazo. Ebirungo bino ebigattibwamu mulimu ebirungo ebikola firimu, ebirungo ebiziyiza ennimi z’omuliro-ebiziyiza ennimi z’omuliro, ebinyweza, n’ebirala Okugeza, ebirungo ebikola firimu ebya bulijjo nga vinyl carbonate (VC), fluorinated vinyl carbonate (FEC).
Okutwaliza awamu, omulimu gwa lithium electrolyte gusinziira ku synergistic effect y’ebisengejja, omunnyo gwa lithium n’ebirungo ebigattibwa. Okugeza, okugatta EC/DMC mixed solvent ne LiPF6asobola okutebenkeza byombi obutambuzi bwa ayoni n’obutebenkevu.
Ebikosa Okubeerawo kw’Amazzi Mu Busannyalazo
Ebirungo ebyo bikwata nnyo ku nkola y’amasannyalaze, amazzi n’obucaafu bisobola okukosa ennyo okukola n’omutindo gwa bbaatule za lithium. Okugeza nga:
Amazzi gasobola okukolagana mu ngeri ya kemiko n’eminnyo gya lithium mu electrolyte okukola ebintu eby’obulabe nga hydrofluoric acid (HF) ne lithium fluoride (LiF), ebiyinza okwonoona ensengekera ya bbaatule, okuleeta okukulukuta oba short circuits, n’okukendeeza ku busobozi bwa bbaatule.
Firimu ya solid electrolyte interface (SEI) ekolebwa ebirungo ebikola firimu-esobola okwonoonebwa amazzi, okufiirwa density yaayo n’obumu, ekivaako okweyongera mu buziyiza obw’omunda obwa bbaatule n’okukendeera mu busobozi bw’okufulumya.
Mu kiseera ky’okucaajinga n’okufulumya, amazzi gasobola okuvunda okuvaamu ggaasi (nga CO2 ne H2), ekyongera puleesa y’omunda eya bbaatule. Kino kiyinza okuvaako bbaatule okubumbulukuka, amazzi okukulukuta, n’okutuuka n’okufuuwa sigala, omuliro, n’okubwatuka, ne kireeta obukuumi bw’abantu mu kabi.
Obulabe bw’amazzi obwogeddwako mu kulongoosa mu kizimbulukusa (solvent treatment) nabwo buliwo mu kiwujjo ky’obusannyalazo. Mu bufunze, okubeerawo kw’amazzi kukosa obutambuzi bw’amasannyalaze, okutebenkera kw’ensengekera y’amasannyalaze, n’obulamu bw’enzirukanya ya bbaatule n’obukuumi, nsonga nkulu efugira mu kukola n’okukozesa bbaatule za lithium.
Molecular Sieves Okufulumya Amazzi mu Busannyalazo
Enkozesa y’ebisengejja molekyu mu busannyalazo byawukana okusinziira ku bigendererwa byabyo ebitongole, gamba ng’okukala mu kizimbulukusa, okuggya amazzi mu masanyalaze n’okuggyamu asidi, okuddamu okukola amasannyalaze, n’okutumbula omulimu gw’amasannyalaze.
Ekika kya 5A Zeolite Molecular Sieve kye kisinga okwettanirwa okuggwaamu amazzi mu masanyalaze, era kisobola bulungi okuggya amazzi mu masanyalaze, ne kiziyiza okweyongera kw’obuziyiza obw’omunda n’enkola y’amasannyalaze, bwe kityo ne kirongoosa omulimu n’obukuumi bwa bbaatule ya lithium.
Ekika 3A, 4A, 13X, ekika, ekika kya lithium, n’ebisengejja molekyu za zeolite ezikoleddwa mu ngeri ey’enjawulo bisobola okusiigibwa mu ngeri erongooseddwa ku busannyalazo bwa lithium. Nga bakozesa okusikiriza kwazo okw’amaanyi, eby’obugagga by’okusengejja ion n’okutebenkera kw’enzimba, okulongoosa obulongoofu, okutebenkera n’omulimu gw’okutambula kw’obusannyalazo.
